1. Disease Overview:
- Atopic dermatitis (eczema) is a chronic disease that causes inflammation, redness, and skin irritation.
- Atopic dermatitis is not contagious and cannot be spread from person to person.
- It is estimated that 1-2% of people will develop persistent postoperative corneal oedema.
- AD is a common condition that causes itchy, dry, and inflamed skin. It usually begins in childhood but can start at any age.
2. Epidemiology Analysis (Current & Forecast)
- The prevalence of atopic dermatitis is high, affecting up to 15-20% of children and up to 1-3% (up to 10% in some) of adults.
- The burden of disease ranks 15th worldwide for non-fatal diseases and number one for skin diseases, measured in disability-adjusted lifeyears (DALYs)
- Onset of disease is most common by 5 years of age, and early diagnosis and treatment are essential to avoid complications of AD and improve quality of life

3. Approved Drugs (Current SoC) - Sales & Forecast
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin condition characterized by itching, redness, and skin barrier dysfunction. Treatment varies by severity, with topical therapies for mild cases and systemic biologics or JAK inhibitors for moderate-to-severe AD.


4. Pipeline Analysis and Expected Approval Timelines
The treatment landscape for atopic dermatitis (AD) is rapidly evolving, with several promising therapies in the pipeline.


5. Market Size & Forecasting
The atopic dermatitis market was valued at ~$16.2 billion in 2024 and is anticipated to be valued at US$ XX Bn by 2033, registering a CAGR of ~10-11% over the forecast period.

Unmet Needs
Despite recent advancements, significant gaps remain in the treatment of atopic dermatitis (AD), particularly for moderate-to-severe cases. Addressing these unmet needs is crucial for better patient outcomes and improving quality of life.
Below are key gaps in current therapeutic approaches:
- Therapies that provide lasting immune modulation with fewer relapses.
- Treatments with rapid itch relief and quick skin clearance (within days).
- Less frequent dosing (quarterly or annual treatments).
- Broader targeting of inflammatory pathways (e.g., IL-31, OX40, PDE4).
- More personalized treatment selection based on biomarkers.
- Systemic therapies with fewer long-term risks.
- Steroid-free options with better efficacy & tolerability.
- Topicals for moderate-to-severe AD to delay systemic therapy initiation.
6. Competitive Landscape and Market Positioning
The AD market is highly competitive, with a mix of biologics, JAK inhibitors, and emerging therapies. Companies are positioning their drugs based on efficacy, safety, speed of action, and convenience to gain market share.
Segment | Drug (Brand Name) | Company | MoA | Market Positioning | Key Advantages | Challenges |
Market Leader | Dupixent (Dupilumab) | Sanofi/Regeneron | IL-4 & IL-13 Inhibitor | Gold standard biologic | Broad efficacy, well-established safety, multiple indications | High cost, emerging competition from IL-13 inhibitors |
Biologics (IL-13 & IL-31 Inhibitors) | Adbry (Tralokinumab) | LEO Pharma | IL-13 Inhibitor | Alternative to Dupixent | More selective IL-13 targeting | Competes directly with Dupixent, slower uptake |
Lebrikizumab | Eli Lilly | IL-13 Inhibitor | Dupixent competitor (pending FDA approval) | Potentially improved efficacy & convenience | Regulatory delay in US, strong competition from Dupixent | |
Nemolizumab | Galderma | IL-31 Inhibitor | First-in-class pruritus-focused biologic | Targets severe itch, different MOA | Limited data vs. IL-4/IL-13 inhibitors | |
JAK Inhibitors (Oral & Topical) | Rinvoq (Upadacitinib) | AbbVie | JAK1 Inhibitor | Oral alternative to biologics | Fast symptom relief, effective for severe AD | Black box warning (safety concerns) |
Cibinqo (Abrocitinib) | Pfizer | JAK1 Inhibitor | Competes with Rinvoq | Similar efficacy, rapid onset | Safety warnings, physician hesitation | |
Opzelura (Ruxolitinib, topical) | Incyte | JAK1/JAK2 Inhibitor | First topical JAK inhibitor | Effective for mild/moderate AD | Safety concerns limit long-term use | |
Next-Gen & Emerging Therapies | Rocatinlimab (AMG 451) | Amgen/Kyowa Kirin | OX40 Inhibitor | Potential disease-modifying biologic | Targets long-term immune modulation | Longer clinical development timeline (2026-2027) |
Tapinarof (VTAMA, topical) | Dermavant/Organon | AhR Agonist | Steroid-free topical for mild/moderate AD | Non-immunosuppressive, safe for long-term use | Limited data in severe AD | |
Roflumilast Cream 0.15% | Arcutis Biotherapeutics | PDE4 Inhibitor | Alternative to topical steroids | Better tolerability, low systemic absorption |
7. Target Opportunity Profile (TOP) & Benchmarking
The ideal AD therapy should address efficacy, safety, convenience, and affordability while filling unmet needs. Below is a framework for evaluating emerging therapies:
Criteria | Current Standard (Dupixent, JAKs) | Unmet Need (TOP Target) |
Efficacy | 50-75% EASI-75 response | ≥80% EASI-75 response |
Onset of Action | 4-8 weeks for biologics; JAKs work faster (1-2 weeks) | Fast onset (<2 weeks) for all therapies |
Long-Term Control | Biologics require chronic use | Disease-modifying potential (remission after stopping treatment) |
Safety Profile | Biologics: good safety; JAKs: black box warnings | Lower risk, no immunosuppression |
Convenience | Injections (biologics), daily pills (JAKs) | Less frequent dosing (monthly/quarterly) |
Pruritus Relief | Moderate itch relief | Rapid, significant itch relief |
Patient Access | High cost ($30K+/year), insurance barriers | Lower-cost alternatives, biosimilars |
Key companies

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