Viral Vector and Plasmid DNA Manufacturing Market

Plasmid DNA

The plasmid DNA market for viral vector and plasmid DNA manufacturing is likely to reach USD XX million in 2029, from its recorded value of USD XX million in 2021, growing at a CAGR of 7.1% during the forecast period. Plasmid DNA plays a key role in healthcare, as it is used directly as a therapeutic agent in gene therapy or generation of vaccine antigens. Furthermore, plasmid DNA is used as a master-template product to support production of new and emerging biopharmaceutical products and processes including in-vitro protein production, RNA and cell therapies. The recent advances have led to the emergence of several other innovative viral/ non-viral gene delivery approaches that are being utilized for the development of various therapies that require gene modification. The demand and therapeutic applications for plasmid DNA have grown rapidly and have expanded. Plasmid DNA and viral vector-based cancer vaccines have several inherent features that make them promising cancer vaccine candidates. The plasmid DNA is also being used to deliver tumor-specific antigens to induce a tumor-specific immune response. Their applications in cancer have, in turn, helped in the growth of the market.

The increase in interest in this field can be understood by the rising number of mergers and acquisitions. For example, in July 2019, EQT VIII Fund announced that it had acquired a majority interest in Aldevron. Aldevron is one of the largest suppliers of GMP, GMP-SourceTM and Research Grade plasmid DNA. Its products are used in clinical, commercial, and research stage gene therapies, as well as in the manufacture of proteins, antibodies and mRNA. Moreover, growing R&D on cancer research owing to the rising burden of the disease and the increasing demand for DNA therapeutics are expected to fuel the segment growth over the forecast period.

Technological progress to address traditional vector production challenges provides lucrative opportunities to the manufacturers. Development of an adaptive electroporation system for intratumoral plasmid DNA delivery where pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin 12 encoded plasmid DNA intratumoral electroporation promotes innate and adaptive immune responses related to antitumor effects. 

However, lack of developed infrastructure in order to conduct the R&D activities, limitations pertaining to investment for adoption of advanced technology, and low awareness of the treatment are among other major factors expected to hamper the growth of the market in the forecast period.

Viral Vector

The viral vector market for viral vector and plasmid DNA manufacturing is likely to reach USD YY million in 2029, from its recorded value of USD XX million in 2021, growing at a CAGR of 6.2% during the forecast period. Viral vectors are widely used in gene therapies. The viral vectors are majorly used by researchers to deliver genetic materials in the cells. Viral vectors are playing a significant role in the pharmaceutical sector, as many research and innovations are ongoing for the development of drugs for treating cancer, cardiovascular diseases, ophthalmology, hematology, and many others. High transfection efficiency, effective gene delivery, and stable gene expression have made viral vectors a preferred choice for gene transfer. The rising preference for viral vectors in gene transfer is evident by the increase in registration of clinical trials on viral vector-mediated gene therapy. 

Another crucial advantage of viral vector systems is the possibility to use the contralateral hemisphere as an internal control. This is especially useful in motor deficit assessments that rely on functional testing for behavioral asymmetries. Viral vectors can be very useful for the presentation of naturally formed viral antigens to the immune system. Some of these vectors are well characterized from the basic virology of the vector to the complexity of the immune responses elicited after vaccination. Viral vector vaccines carry an expression cassette encoding the vaccine antigen within their genome. Viral vector vaccines are by definition infectious vaccines as production of the vaccine antigen is achieved in situ upon infection of cells. Some viral vectors are based on attenuated viruses such as vaccinia virus or Modified Vaccinia Ankara (MVA) while others, such as adenoviral vectors, are genetically altered to render them replication defective. The most commonly explored viral vectors for rabies G protein are based on attenuated poxviruses or different strains of E1-deleted and, hence, replication-defective adenoviruses. Several COVID-19 vaccine candidates entering late-stage clinical trials are what is known as viral vector vaccines. These vaccines are likely to be among the COVID-19 vaccines authorized for use in the United States. In the development of viral vector vaccines, several different viruses have been used as vectors, including influenza, vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), measles virus, and adenovirus, which causes the common cold. Adenovirus is one of the viral vectors used in some late-stage COVID-19 vaccine trials. For COVID-19 vaccines, this gene codes for the spike protein, which is only found on the surface of SARS-CoV-2. The viral vector is used to shuttle this gene into a human cell. Once inside a cell, the viral vector uses this gene and the cell’s machinery to produce the spike protein and display it on the cell’s surface. These antibodies are specific to the SARS-CoV-2 virus, which means the immune system is primed to protect against future infection.

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